Baxianzhuo Yanshi Ji is a detailed account by Jin Youwei Men, a native of Nagasaki during the Edo period, documenting his invitation by Wu Chengchong, a Chinese from the Qing dynasty, to a banquet held on the Wu family’s ship. It is an important material for understanding the language and folk customs of the Qing dynasty China. By analyzing the pronunciation of Chinese characters marked with Japanese katakana in the book, the characteristics of their initial and final consonants can be summarized. Based on the historical facts of Chinese language learning in Japanese society during the Edo period, the findings were compared with potencially related Chinese dialects. The paper concludes that the pronunciation of Chinese characters in this book was based on the Hangzhou dialect of the time, supplemented with common language components to expand its audience, resulting in a special composite phonological system.