Ke-Cheng Xu,
Li-Zhi Liu, Cryosurgery Center for Cancer, Guangzhou Fuda Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong Province, China
Correspondence to
: Ke-Cheng Xu, Guangzhou Fuda Cancer Hospital, 167 Xingang Western Road, Guangzhou 510300, Guangdong Province, China.
[email protected]
Received:
May 18, 2007
Revised:
November 30, 2007
Accepted:
January 15, 2008
Published online:
January 28, 2008
Cryosurgery is an important treatment modality for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). There are different forms of cryosurgery for HCC including intraoperative cryoablation with or without excision, laparoscopic liver cryosurgery, percutaneous liver cryoablation under the guidance of ultrasonography, CT or MRI. Cryoablation, as a local therapy for HCC, has certain advantages over other forms of treatment. It is able to destroy only tumor tissue in the liver while sparing more noninvolved tissues. Tumors close to the vessel systems can safely undergo cryoablation due to the warming effect of circulating blood in large blood vessels. Liver cryoablation is more effective than surgical resection for multiple liver tumors. Cryosurgery in combination with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), alcohol injection or
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iodine seed implantation has a complementary efficacy. Clinically, cryosurgery for HCC is performed according to the following principles. Intraoperative or percutaneous cryosurgery may be performed for liver tumors < 5 cm or ≤3 cm, TACE for liver tumors > 5 cm followed by percutaneous cryosurgery. Liver tumors > 5 cm with an irregular margin, may also undergo intraoperative or percutaneous cryosurgery followed by alcohol injection or
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iodine seed implantation in the margins of tumors.
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