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With Libvirt under modern kernels, you can't use <interface
type='ethernet'> unless QEMU is running as root.
Running qemu as root is not ideal, but I was able to track down the
issue to this linux change:
http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=ca6bb5d7ab22ac79f608fe6cbc6b12de6a5a19f0
Which means that if you're seeing errors like this:
2015-03-02T18:00:51.243477Z qemu-kvm: -netdev
tap,script=/tmp/vnet380622.sh,id=hostnet1: could not open /dev/net/tun:
Operation not permitted
2015-03-02T18:00:51.243518Z qemu-kvm: -netdev
tap,script=/tmp/vnet380622.sh,id=hostnet1: Device 'tap' could not be
initialized
They can be resolved like this:
1) Edit /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf, and add "/dev/net/tun" to the
cgroup_device_acl option
2) Run: setcap cap_net_admin+eip /bin/qemu-system-x86_64
This will give QEMU CAP_NET_ADMIN when it runs. Make sure you review
`man capabilities` to see what capabilities this actually gets qemu.
The downside here is that in the event a guest somehow breaks out of
qemu, CAP_NET_ADMIN gives them a bunch of scary permissions that could
result in you having a seriously bad day (it's enough permissions to
MITM all the machine's traffic, which could easily result in compromise)
It looks to me like libvirt already has the ability to create tap
devices and pass them into qemu (src/util/virnetdevtap.c -
virNetDevTapCreateInBridgePort), however you need to actually be using a
bridged network to do this. There is no way to have libvirt just create
a tap device and leave the rest to user defined scripts.
I don't think I have the necessary knowledge to add that feature in a
generic way, but it seems like it would be pretty handy. I'll probably
just work around it by removing the virNetDevBridgeAddPort call from our
version of libvirt.
