- 中文名
- 印第安纳州
- 外文名
- Indiana--IN
- 别 名
- 保守之州(Hoosier State) 、 苦干之州(Goosier state)
- 行政区类别
- 州
- 所属地区
- 美国
- 地理位置
- 美国中东部
- 面 积
- 93993 km²
- 政府驻地
- 印第安那波里斯
历史沿革
1730年,英国开始殖民于该州之内。印第安纳州后来沦为法国殖民地。18世纪下半叶,印第安人与英、美、法等国白人移民之间的战争曾持续多年,在法国印第安战争之后由英国控制。
行政区划
County
|
FIPS code
|
County seat
|
Established
|
Origin
|
Etymology
|
Population
|
Area
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adams
|
001
|
Decatur
|
February 7, 1836
|
Adams New Purchase
|
U.S. PresidentJohn Quincy Adams
|
33,625
|
339sqmi
(878km)
|
Allen
|
003
|
Fort Wayne
|
December 12, 1823
|
Delaware New Purchase
|
Col.John Allen,Kentuckystate senator
|
355,329
|
657sqmi
(1,702km)
|
Bartholomew
|
005
|
Columbus
|
January 8, 1821
|
Jackson County and Delaware New Purchases
|
Lt. Col.Joseph Bartholomew, a hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
71,435
|
407sqmi
(1,054km)
|
Benton
|
007
|
Fowler
|
February 18, 1840
|
Jasper County
|
Thomas H. Benton,U.S. SenatorfromMissouri
|
8,854
|
406sqmi
(1,052km)
|
Blackford
|
009
|
Hartford City
|
February 15, 1838
|
Jay County
|
JudgeIsaac Blackford, Speaker of theIndiana House of Representativesand Chief Justice of theIndiana Supreme Court
|
14,048
|
165sqmi
(427km)
|
Boone
|
011
|
Lebanon
|
January 29, 1830
|
AdamsandWabashNew Purchases
|
FrontiersmanDaniel Boone
|
56,640
|
423sqmi
(1,096km)
|
Brown
|
013
|
Nashville
|
February 3, 1836
|
Bartholomew County
Jackson County
Monroe County
|
GeneralJacob Brown, hero of theWar of 1812
|
14,957
|
312sqmi
(808km)
|
Carroll
|
015
|
Delphi
|
January 17, 1828
|
AdamsandWabashNew Purchases
|
Charles Carroll, signer of theDeclaration of Independence
|
20,165
|
372sqmi
(963km)
|
Cass
|
017
|
Logansport
|
December 18, 1828
|
Non-county Area
|
Gen.Lewis Cass, Governor ofMichigan TerritoryandU.S. Secretary of State
|
40,930
|
412sqmi
(1,067km)
|
Clark
|
019
|
Jeffersonville
|
February 3, 1801
|
Knox County
|
GeneralGeorge Rogers Clark,American Revolutionary Warhero
|
96,472
|
373sqmi
(966km)
|
Clay
|
021
|
Brazil
|
February 12, 1825
|
Owen County
Putnam County
Sullivan County
Vigo County
|
U.S. Speaker of the HouseHenry Clay
|
26,556
|
358sqmi
(927km)
|
Clinton
|
023
|
Frankfort
|
January 29, 1830
|
Adams and Wabash New Purchases
|
DeWitt Clinton, Governor ofNew York
|
33,866
|
405sqmi
(1,049km)
|
Crawford
|
025
|
English
|
January 29, 1818
|
Orange County
Harrison County
Perry County
|
Col.William Crawford, surveyor of the Midwest and hero of theIndian Wars
|
10,743
|
306sqmi
(793km)
|
Daviess
|
027
|
Washington
|
February 2, 1818
|
Knox County
|
Col.Joseph Hamilton Daveiss,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
30,820
|
429sqmi
(1,111km)
|
Dearborn
|
029
|
Lawrenceburg
|
March 7, 1803
|
Clark County, IN;Hamilton County, OH
|
U.S. Secretary of WarHenry Dearborn
|
50,047
|
305sqmi
(790km)
|
Decatur
|
031
|
Greensburg
|
December 12, 1821
|
Delaware New Purchase
|
CommodoreStephen Decatur, hero of theWar of 1812
|
24,555
|
373sqmi
(966km)
|
DeKalb
|
033
|
Auburn
|
February 7, 1835
|
Non-county Area
|
Johann de Kalb, German noble who trained colonial soldiers for theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
40,285
|
363sqmi
(940km)
|
Delaware
|
035
|
Muncie
|
January 26, 1827
|
Delaware New Purchase
|
DelawareNative American people
|
118,769
|
392sqmi
(1,015km)
|
Dubois
|
037
|
Jasper
|
December 20, 1817
|
Perry County
Pike County
|
Toussaint Dubois,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
39,674
|
427sqmi
(1,106km)
|
Elkhart
|
039
|
Goshen
|
January 29, 1830
|
Non-county Area
|
Disputed, but possibly the ElkhartNative Americanpeople
|
182,791
|
463sqmi
(1,199km)
|
Fayette
|
041
|
Connersville
|
January 29, 1818
|
FranklinWayne Countyand Non-county Area
|
Marquis de la Fayette, French noble who trained colonial soldiers in theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
25,588
|
215sqmi
(557km)
|
Floyd
|
043
|
New Albany
|
January 2, 1819
|
ClarkandHarrisonCounties
|
Col. EitherJohn Floyd, aWar of 1812hero andGovernor of Virginia, or early settler and state legislatorDavis Floyd
|
78,823
|
148sqmi
(383km)
|
Fountain
|
045
|
Covington
|
December 20, 1825
|
Montgomery Countyand Wabash New Purchase
|
MajorJames Fontaine, a hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
17,954
|
396sqmi
(1,026km)
|
Franklin
|
047
|
Brookville
|
February 1, 1811
|
Clark County
Dearborn County
Knox County
|
Writer, orator, scholar, and founding fatherBenjamin Franklin
|
22,151
|
384sqmi
(995km)
|
Fulton
|
049
|
Rochester
|
February 7, 1836
|
Non-county Area
|
Robert Fulton, inventor of thesteamboat
|
20,511
|
368sqmi
(953km)
|
Gibson
|
051
|
Princeton
|
April 1, 1813
|
Knox County
|
John Gibson, secretary of theIndiana Territory
|
33,503
|
487sqmi
(1,261km)
|
Grant
|
053
|
Marion
|
February 10, 1831
|
Formed from Madison County, Adams New Purchase and un-organized
|
Captains Samuel and Moses Grant, former American soldiers and early settlers
|
70,061
|
414sqmi
(1,072km)
|
Greene
|
055
|
Bloomfield
|
January 5, 1821
|
Sullivan County
Non-county Area
|
Gen.Nathanael Greene, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
32,157
|
543sqmi
(1,406km)
|
Hamilton
|
057
|
Noblesville
|
January 8, 1823
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
Alexander Hamilton, firstSecretary of the Treasuryand founding father
|
274,569
|
394sqmi
(1,020km)
|
Hancock
|
059
|
Greenfield
|
March 1, 1828
|
Formed from Madison County
|
John Hancock, first signer of theDeclaration of Independence
|
70,002
|
306sqmi
(793km)
|
Harrison
|
061
|
Corydon
|
December 1, 1808
|
Formed from Clark and Knox County
|
William Henry Harrison, governor ofIndiana TerritoryandU.S. President
|
34,325
|
485sqmi
(1,256km)
|
Hendricks
|
063
|
Danville
|
December 20, 1824
|
Formed from Delaware and Wabash New Purchase
|
Governor of IndianaWilliam Hendricks
|
145,488
|
407sqmi
(1,054km)
|
Henry
|
065
|
New Castle
|
December 31, 1821
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
Patrick Henry, attorney, orator, and founding father
|
48,508
|
392sqmi
(1,015km)
|
Howard
|
067
|
Kokomo
|
January 15, 1844
|
Formed from un-organized
|
Gen.Tilghman Howard, a U.S. Representative from Indiana
|
84,964
|
293sqmi
(759km)
|
Huntington
|
069
|
Huntington
|
February 2, 1832
|
Formed from Adams New Purchase and un-organized
|
Samuel Huntington, signer theDeclaration of Independence
|
38,075
|
383sqmi
(992km)
|
Jackson
|
071
|
Brownstown
|
January 1, 1816
|
Formed from Clark, Jefferson and Washington
|
U.S. PresidentAndrew Jackson
|
41,335
|
509sqmi
(1,318km)
|
Jasper
|
073
|
Rensselaer
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from Wabash New Purchase
|
Sgt.William Jasper, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
30,043
|
560sqmi
(1,450km)
|
Jay
|
075
|
Portland
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from Adams New Purchase
|
John Jay, first Chief Justice of theUnited States Supreme Court
|
21,806
|
384sqmi
(995km)
|
Jefferson
|
077
|
Madison
|
November 23, 1810
|
Formed from Clark, Dearborn and Knox County
|
U.S. PresidentThomas Jefferson
|
31,705
|
361sqmi
(935km)
|
Jennings
|
079
|
Vernon
|
December 27, 1816
|
Formed from Jackson and Jefferson Counties
|
Jonathan Jennings, the firstGovernor of Indiana
|
27,554
|
377sqmi
(976km)
|
Johnson
|
081
|
Franklin
|
December 31, 1823
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
John Johnson, first Chief Justice of theIndiana Supreme Court
|
139,654
|
320sqmi
(829km)
|
Knox
|
083
|
Vincennes
|
June 6, 1790
|
Original County
|
U.S. Secretary of WarHenry Knox
|
39,256
|
516sqmi
(1,336km)
|
Kosciusko
|
085
|
Warsaw
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from un-organized
|
Tadeusz Kościuszko, Polish-born hero of theAmerican Revolutionary Warand leader of a Polish nationalistic revolt against Russia
|
74,057
|
531sqmi
(1,375km)
|
LaGrange
|
087
|
LaGrange
|
February 2, 1832
|
Formed from un-organized
|
The ancestral estate of theMarquis de la Fayette, the French-born hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
34,909
|
380sqmi
(984km)
|
Lake
|
089
|
Crown Point
|
January 28, 1837
|
Formed from Newton and Porter Counties
|
Its location onLake Michigan
|
496,004
|
499sqmi
(1,292km)
|
LaPorte
|
091
|
LaPorte
|
January 29, 1832
|
Formed from St. Joseph and un-organized
|
Means
the door
inFrench, which refers to the city of LaPorte
|
111,467
|
598sqmi
(1,549km)
|
Lawrence
|
093
|
Bedford
|
January 7, 1818
|
Formed from Orange
|
Capt.James Lawrence,hero of theWar of 1812
|
45,922
|
449sqmi
(1,163km)
|
Madison
|
095
|
Anderson
|
January 4, 1823
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
U.S. PresidentJames Madison
|
133,358
|
452sqmi
(1,171km)
|
Marion
|
097
|
Indianapolis
|
December 31, 1821
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
Gen.Francis Marion,American Revolutionary Warhero
|
903,393
|
396sqmi
(1,026km)
|
Marshall
|
099
|
Plymouth
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from St. Joseph County
|
U.S. Chief JusticeJohn Marshall
|
45,128
|
444sqmi
(1,150km)
|
Martin
|
101
|
Shoals
|
January 17, 1820
|
Formed from Daviess and Dubois Counties
|
Major John T. Martin, hero of theWar of 1812
|
10,369
|
336sqmi
(870km)
|
Miami
|
103
|
Peru
|
January 30, 1833
|
Formed from Cass County and un-organized
|
MiamiNative American people
|
36,082
|
374sqmi
(969km)
|
Monroe
|
105
|
Bloomington
|
January 14, 1818
|
Formed from Orange County
|
U.S. PresidentJames Monroe
|
137,974
|
395sqmi
(1,023km)
|
Montgomery
|
107
|
Crawfordsville
|
December 21, 1822
|
Formed from Wabash New Purchase
|
Gen.Richard Montgomery, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
37,629
|
505sqmi
(1,308km)
|
Morgan
|
109
|
Martinsville
|
December 31, 1822
|
Formed from Delaware and Wabash New Purchase
|
Gen.Daniel Morgan, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
68,894
|
404sqmi
(1,046km)
|
Newton
|
111
|
Kentland
|
December 8, 1859
|
Formed from Jasper County
|
Sgt.John Newton, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
14,566
|
402sqmi
(1,041km)
|
Noble
|
113
|
Albion
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from un-organized
|
U.S. SenatorJames NobleorGovernor of IndianaNoah Noble, brothers
|
46,275
|
411sqmi
(1,064km)
|
Ohio
|
115
|
Rising Sun
|
January 4, 1844
|
Formed from Dearborn County
|
TheOhio River
|
6,128
|
86sqmi
(223km)
|
Orange
|
117
|
Paoli
|
February 1, 1816
|
Formed from Gibson, Knox and Washington
|
Orange County, North Carolina, in turn named for theDutch ProtestantHouse of Orange
|
19,306
|
398sqmi
(1,031km)
|
Owen
|
119
|
Spencer
|
December 21, 1818
|
Formed from Daviess and Sullivan County
|
Abraham Owen,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
21,786
|
385sqmi
(997km)
|
Parke
|
121
|
Rockville
|
January 9, 1821
|
Formed from Vigo County
|
Benjamin Parke, a delegate ofIndiana Territoryto theU.S. Congress
|
17,241
|
445sqmi
(1,153km)
|
Perry
|
123
|
Tell City
|
November 1, 1814
|
Formed from Gibson and Warrick Counties
|
CommodoreOliver Hazard Perry, hero of theWar of 1812
|
18,899
|
382sqmi
(989km)
|
Pike
|
125
|
Petersburg
|
December 21, 1816
|
Formed from Gibson and Perry County
|
Zebulon M. Pike, explorer of theAmerican West
|
12,837
|
334sqmi
(865km)
|
Porter
|
127
|
Valparaiso
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from un-organized
|
Capt.David Porter, hero of theWar of 1812
|
146,798
|
418sqmi
(1,083km)
|
Posey
|
129
|
Mount Vernon
|
November 11, 1814
|
Formed from Warrick County
|
Thomas Posey, governor ofIndiana Territory
|
27,061
|
410sqmi
(1,062km)
|
Pulaski
|
131
|
Winamac
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from un-organized
|
Kazimierz Pułaski, Polish-born noble who led the colonial cavalry in theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
13,755
|
434sqmi
(1,124km)
|
Putnam
|
133
|
Greencastle
|
December 31, 1822
|
Formed from Owen County and Wabash New Purchase
|
Gen.Israel Putnam, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
36,019
|
481sqmi
(1,246km)
|
Randolph
|
135
|
Winchester
|
January 10, 1818
|
Formed from Wayne County
|
Randolph County, North Carolina, which is itself named for firstPresident of the Continental CongressPeyton Randolph
|
27,401
|
452sqmi
(1,171km)
|
Ripley
|
137
|
Versailles
|
December 27, 1816
|
Formed from Dearborn and Jefferson County
|
Gen.Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, hero of theWar of 1812
|
26,523
|
446sqmi
(1,155km)
|
Rush
|
139
|
Rushville
|
December 31, 1821
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
Dr.Benjamin Rush, signer theDeclaration of Independence
|
18,261
|
408sqmi
(1,057km)
|
St. Joseph
|
141
|
South Bend
|
January 29, 1830
|
Formed from un-organized
|
St. Joseph River, which flows through it towardLake Michigan
|
266,931
|
458sqmi
(1,186km)
|
Scott
|
143
|
Scottsburg
|
January 12, 1820
|
Formed from Clark, Jefferson, Jennings and Washington Counties
|
Charles Scott,Governor of Kentucky
|
22,960
|
190sqmi
(492km)
|
Shelby
|
145
|
Shelbyville
|
December 31, 1821
|
Formed from Delaware New Purchase
|
Gen.Isaac Shelby, Governor of Kentucky
|
44,436
|
411sqmi
(1,064km)
|
Spencer
|
147
|
Rockport
|
January 10, 1818
|
Formed from Perry and Warrick Counties
|
Capt.Spier Spencer,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
20,391
|
397sqmi
(1,028km)
|
Starke
|
149
|
Knox
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from St. Joseph County and un-organized
|
Gen.John Stark, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
23,556
|
309sqmi
(800km)
|
Steuben
|
151
|
Angola
|
February 7, 1837
|
Formed from un-organized
|
Baron Frederick von Steuben, Prussian-born noble who trained colonial soldiers during theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
33,214
|
309sqmi
(800km)
|
Sullivan
|
153
|
Sullivan
|
December 30, 1816
|
Formed from Knox
|
General Daniel Sullivan,American Revolutionary Warhero
|
21,751
|
447sqmi
(1,158km)
|
Switzerland
|
155
|
Vevay
|
October 1, 1814
|
Formed from Dearborn and Jefferson County
|
The home country of many of the early settlers,Switzerland
|
10,613
|
221sqmi
(572km)
|
Tippecanoe
|
157
|
Lafayette
|
January 20, 1826
|
Formed from Wabash New Purchase and un-organized
|
TheTippecanoe Riverand theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
172,780
|
500sqmi
(1,295km)
|
Tipton
|
159
|
Tipton
|
January 15, 1844
|
Formed from Adams New Purchase and un-organized
|
John Tipton,U.S. Senator
|
16,577
|
261sqmi
(676km)
|
Union
|
161
|
Liberty
|
January 5, 1821
|
Parts ofFayette,FranklinandWaynecounties
|
Named because it united sections of three adjacent counties into one new entity
|
7,516
|
161sqmi
(417km)
|
Vanderburgh
|
163
|
Evansville
|
January 7, 1818
|
Gibson,Posey, andWarrickCounties
|
Henry Vanderburgh, a judge forIndiana Territory
|
188,922
|
233sqmi
(603km)
|
Vermillion
|
165
|
Newport
|
January 2, 1824
|
Formed from Parke County and Wasbash New Purchase
|
TheVermillion River
|
16,788
|
257sqmi
(666km)
|
Vigo
|
167
|
Terre Haute
|
January 21, 1818
|
Formed from Sullivan County
|
Francis Vigo, Italian-born colonial spy during theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
105,848
|
403sqmi
(1,044km)
|
Wabash
|
169
|
Wabash
|
January 30, 1833
|
Formed from Adams New Purchase and un-organized
|
TheWabash River
|
34,960
|
412sqmi
(1,067km)
|
Warren
|
171
|
Williamsport
|
January 19, 1827
|
Formed from Wabash New Purchase and un-organized
|
Dr.Joseph Warren,American Revolutionary Warhero
|
8,508
|
365sqmi
(945km)
|
Warrick
|
173
|
Boonville
|
April 30, 1813
|
GibsonandKnoxCounties
|
Capt.Jacob Warrick,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
60,010
|
385sqmi
(997km)
|
Washington
|
175
|
Salem
|
December 21, 1813
|
Clark, Harrison and Knox Counties
|
U.S. PresidentGeorge Washington
|
27,223
|
514sqmi
(1,331km)
|
Wayne
|
177
|
Richmond
|
November 27, 1810
|
Formed from Clark, Dearborn and Knox
|
Gen."Mad" Anthony Wayne, hero of theAmerican Revolutionary War
|
71,097
|
402sqmi
(1,041km)
|
Wells
|
179
|
Bluffton
|
February 7, 1837
|
Formed from Adams New Purchase
|
Capt.William A. Wells, Native American who became a hero in theWar of 1812
|
27,600
|
368sqmi
(953km)
|
White
|
181
|
Monticello
|
February 1, 1834
|
Formed from Wabash New Purchase and un-organized
|
Capt.Isaac White,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
25,267
|
505sqmi
(1,308km)
|
Whitley
|
183
|
Columbia City
|
February 7, 1835
|
Formed from un-organized
|
Col.William Whitley,hero of theBattle of Tippecanoe
|
30,707
|
336sqmi
(870km)
|
印第安纳波利斯
(Indianapolis),首府,位于州中央。
韦恩堡
(Fort Wayne),位于东北。
地理环境
该州地形可分三区:一、北部是湖岸平原。二、中部是冰碛平原。面积最大,且甚完整。三、南部多低丘浅谷。全州土地都可以生产。该州气候温和多雨,也有利于发展农业。玉米、大豆与猪,在各州中均列第三位。
全州平均高度为海拔200余米,最高点海拔383米,最低点海拔95米,地表较平坦。整个地势大体上由东北向西南倾斜。境内最高点在东部靠近俄亥俄州边界附近,海拔392米;最低点在
沃巴什河
与
俄亥俄河
汇合处,海拔95米。
沃巴什河、俄亥俄河以及白河的东西两个支流顺势而下,构成
密西西比河
流域的一部分。北部的
圣约瑟夫
河蜿蜒流入密歇根湖。北半部的湖泊星罗棋布。
印第安纳大学
周围地区和
布朗县
附近是全州风景最秀丽的地方。
按地貌全州可分为3个地理区:1.北部是湖岸低地。密歇根湖沿岸沙丘成列,景色美丽。
3.南部是石灰岩地区,地面有明显丘谷地貌和
溶蚀地貌
,如溶洞、
落水洞
,有地下水系及矿泉。俄亥俄河两岸多悬岸,景色雄伟。州内除南中部丘陵区未遭受往日
大陆冰川
覆盖、侵蚀与沉积外,其余地区全被冰川覆盖过,并留下厚层的
冰碛
物。
属大陆性
湿润气候
,四季分明。1月
平均气温
从南部埃文斯维尔的2℃降到北部绍斯本德的-4℃;两地的7月平均气温分别为26℃和23℃。南方和北方的
年降水量
、生长季节及冬季
雪量
均有明显的差异。
年降水量由北部850毫米到南部1100毫米;生长季由北部160日到南部180日;冬季雪量由北部1米深到南部0.5米深。
人口民族
根据
美国人口调查局
2011年7月1日公布的统计数据,印第安纳州的人口6,516,922人,和2010年统计数据相比增长了0.51%。根据2010年数据,该州总人口6,483,802人,
人口密度
为69..9/平方公里。
2012年,印第安纳州的人口的种族构成如下:84.3%为白人(81.5%为非西班牙裔白人),9.1%为黑人(非洲裔美国人),6.0%为西班牙裔或拉美裔人(不论种族肤色),1.6%为亚裔美国人,0.3%为印第安
原住民
,2.0% 为混合的种族(两种或两种以上种族混血)。
在印第安纳的所有
少数民族
中,西班牙裔是
增长速度
最快的。该州24.9%的人口年龄在18岁一下,6.9% 人口年龄为5岁以下,以及12.8%人口年龄在65岁以上。该州人口年龄的
中位数
为36.4岁。2005年,77.7%的印第安纳人居住在较大的县市里,16.5%居住在较小的县市里,5.9%人口居住在无
中心城市
的县里。
印第安纳人口中最大的族裔为德国裔,占总人口的22.7% 。美国裔(12.0%)、英国裔(8.9%) 、
爱尔兰
裔 (10.8%)和
波兰
裔(3.0%)也拥有众多人口。调查中大部分美国裔其实是早期的英国后裔,不过因为他们的家庭在很早以前的殖民地时期早期就搬至了
北美
,所以在统计时就简单的划分成了“美国裔”。
根据1980的人口普查数据,印第安纳总人口4,241,975人中,1,776,144人登记为德国裔,1,356,135人登记为英国裔,1,017,944人登记为爱尔兰裔,德国裔占总人口的42%,英国裔占32%,爱尔兰裔占24%。
印第安纳州的人口中心是汉密尔顿县的谢里登镇(Sheridan)。从20世纪90年代起,
印第安纳波利斯
周边的几个县的人口开始迅速集中,其中增速最快的四个县是:汉密尔顿县(Hamilton)、亨德里克斯(Hendricks)、约翰森县(Johnson)以及
汉考克县
(Hancock)。
除这四个县以外,增速较高的还有迪尔本县(Dearborn County),该县临近
辛辛那提
。汉密尔顿县是印第安纳以及其邻近的几个州(
伊利诺伊州
、
密歇根州
、
俄亥俄州
、
肯塔基州
)增速最快的县,并且在全美人口增速的县中位居第20名。
年份
|
人口
|
增幅
|
---|---|---|
1800年
|
2,632人
|
-
|
1810年
|
24,520人
|
831.6%
|
1820年
|
147,178人
|
500.2%
|
1830年
|
343,031人
|
133.1%
|
1840年
|
685,866人
|
99.9%
|
1850年
|
988,416人
|
44.1%
|
1860年
|
1,350,428人
|
36.6%
|
1870年
|
1,680,637人
|
24.5%
|
1880年
|
1,978,301人
|
17.7%
|
1890年
|
2,192,404人
|
10.8%
|
1900年
|
2,516,462人
|
14.8%
|
1910年
|
2,700,876人
|
7.3%
|
1920年
|
2,930,390人
|
8.5%
|
1930年
|
3,238,503人
|
10.5%
|
1940年
|
3,427,796人
|
5.8%
|
1950年
|
3,934,224人
|
14.8%
|
1960年
|
4,662,498人
|
18.5%
|
1970年
|
5,193,669人
|
11.4%
|
1980年
|
5,490,224人
|
5.7%
|
1990年
|
5,544,159人
|
1.0%
|
2000年
|
6,080,485人
|
9.7%
|
2010年
|
6,483,802人
|
6.6%
|
经济
1850年以后,以
钢铁业
为主体的制造业逐渐成为州内主要的收入来源。该州所产乐器和钻石研磨工具在
世界市场
享有盛名。农作物主要有玉米、大豆、小麦。
家畜饲养业
以猪、牛、羊、
家禽
为主,数量有较大增长。从农业市场取得的
现金收入
接近全国首位。
1999年印第安纳州的
总产值
为1820亿美元,在美国列第15位,人均收入为27,011美元。主要农产品有谷物、大豆、
猪肉
、牛、
奶制品
和蛋。
工业产品
有钢、电气设备、
运输设备
、化学产品、油和煤产物和
机械设备
。
礼来公司
和霍夫曼
罗氏
有限公司的美国总部在印第安纳州。
印州主要产业是
先进制造业
、
工业机械
、运输、物流配送、信息技术、生命科学、金融经纪人、保险经纪人等。州内著名跨国公司有
礼来
制药总部、
联邦快递
美国第二大中心、
丰田汽车
北美
第二大生产厂等。
印州有较高比例的高科技人才雇员,其中工程业和与之相关联的行业雇佣的高科技人员占印州所有工业中高科技雇员的53%。
20世纪70年代,开始建造印第安纳-密歇根电力公司的核电站的装机容量为200万千瓦。
除农业外,该州工业极发达。有四十多个镇,专门制造家具。该州西北方长72公里的
密执安湖
岸,遍布钢铁,炼油、及机械工厂。其中以加雷为最盛。加雷接近芝加哥的大工业区,人口18万。1970年兴建大港口,可通
大西洋
。港口在加雷之东,叫做勃恩港(Burns Harbor)。
[1]
社会
位于印第安纳波利斯的
博物馆
包括:
印第安纳州立博物馆
、
儿童博物馆
、史比德威博物馆、以及印第安纳波利斯美术馆。其他的博物馆有:位于伊凡斯维尔的艺术及
科学博物馆
、位于布鲁明顿的印第安纳大学博物馆、位于法兰区里克的时钟之屋博物馆、以及位于维尔帕瑞索的维尔伯·坎明斯电器博物馆。
宗教上,印第安纳州大多是
新教徒
,虽然也有五分之一的罗马
天主教徒
。该州天主教所办的
圣母大学
相当著名,
个人信仰
比例为67% 新教徒,20% 罗马天主教徒,1%其他
基督教派
的教徒 ,1% 其他宗教教徒,8% 无信仰者 Non-Religious。
公立学校
鲍尔州立大学
(Ball State University)
印第安纳州立大学
(Indiana State University)
印第安纳大学(Indiana University System)
[2]
伯明顿主校区(Indiana University at Bloomington)
东部分校(Indiana University East)
科克摩分校(Indiana University at Kokomo)
西北分校(Indiana University Northwest)
南弯分校(Indiana University at South Bend)
东南分校(Indiana University Southeast)
普度大学(Purdue University System)
西拉法叶主校区(Purdue University,West Lafayette)
卡罗美分校(Purdue University Calumet)
中北部分校(Purdue University North Central)
安德生分校(Purdue University School of Technology at Anderson)
哥伦布分校(Purdue University School of Technology at Columbus)
印第安纳波利斯分校(Purdue University School of Technology at Indianapolis)
科克摩分校(Purdue University School of Technology at Kokomo)
曼希分校(Purdue University School of Technology at Muncie)
新亚伯尼分校(Purdue University School of Technology at New Albany)
里奇蒙分校(Purdue University School of Technology at Richmond)
南弯-艾克哈分校(Purdue University School of Technology at South Bend/Elkhart)
佛塞雷斯分校Purdue University School of Technology at Versailles
南印第安纳大学
(University of Southern Indiana)
私立学校
安德生大学
(Anderson University)
贝瑟学院(Bethel College,Indiana)
巴特勒大学
(Butler University)
圣约瑟夫
卡罗美学院(Calumet College of St. Joseph)
基督学院(Christian Theological Seminary)
厄尔汉学院
(Earlham College)
富兰克林学院(Franklin College)
高盛学院(Goshen College)
葛雷斯学院(Grace College)
圣十字学院
(Holy Cross College)
杭廷顿学院(Huntington College)
印第安纳理工学院
(Indiana Institute of Technology)
曼彻斯特学院
(Manchester College)
马里安学院
(Marian College)
马丁大学
(Martin University)
奥克兰市大学
(Oakland City University)
圣约瑟夫学院
(Saint Joseph's College,Indiana)
圣玛丽学院(Saint Mary's College,Indiana)
泰勒大学
(Taylor University)
三州大学
(Tri-State University)
伊凡斯维尔大学
(University of Evansville)
印第安纳波利斯大学
(University of Indianapolis)
圣母大学
(University of Notre Dame)
圣法兰西斯大学(University of Saint Francis)
法尔帕拉索大学(Valparaiso University)
瓦伯西学院
(Wabash College)
项目:
印第安纳波利斯小马队
(Indianapolis Colts)
棒球
小联盟
印第安纳步行者队
(Indiana Pacers)
NCAA
印第安纳大学队(Indiana University)
普渡大学锅炉制造工队
(Purdue University Boilermakers)
迪保尔大学队(DePauw University)
印第安纳州立大学
队(Indiana State University)
圣母大学战斗的爱尔兰人队(Notre Dame FightingIrish)
法尔帕拉索大学队(Valparaiso University)
印第安纳狂热
队(Indiana Fever)
NCAA
普渡大学女锅炉制造工队(Purdue University Lady Boilermakers)
印第安纳波利斯500英里大奖赛
,简称印第500(Indy 500)
交通
该州是
美国中西部
各州往来必经之地,成为中西部的十字路口。连接
印第安纳波利斯
市的公路比国内其他任何城市都要多。全国6家最大
运输公司
中有3家的总部设在该市。以每平方公里面积来计算的道路的长度,居全国第五位。
铁路干线
长达10500公里。飞机场有130座。
重要高速公路:I-65、I-70、I-74
著名人物
作曲家豪吉·卡迈克(Hoagy Carmichael)
舞蹈家泰拉·萨普(Twyla Tharp)
流行音乐天后珍妮.杰克逊(Janet.Jackson)
《大角山羊阿布》(buford the little bighorn)等作品的作者比尔 皮特(BILL PEET)
时区
美国绝大多数地区实施
夏令时
,印第安纳州由于地处美国东部时区西缘,州民决议不使用夏令时,以免夏季日落太晚,但西北角
芝加哥
(
伊利诺州
)附近(Jasper、Lake、LaPorte、Newton、Porter等五县)及西南角伊凡斯维尔附近(Gibson、Posey、Spencer、Vanderburgh、Warrick等五县)和美国中部时区一致,东南辛辛那堤(
俄亥俄州
)附近(Dearborn及Ohio等二县)及
路易维尔
(
肯塔基州
)附近(Clark、Floyd、Harrison三县)则和美国东部时区一致,意即在大城市附近的县和大城市一起作息。
2005年4月28日,印第安纳州议会决议自2006年4月开始使用夏令时,调整方式由联邦审查中。