大家好。我是妙佑医疗国际的内分泌科专家 Eleanna De Filippis 医生。在本视频中,我们将介绍胰岛素抵抗的基础知识。什么是囊性纤维化?谁会患病?它的症状、诊断和治疗情况如何?无论您是为自己还是为亲友寻找答案,都能在这里找到最可靠的信息。要认识胰岛素抵抗,也就是通常所说的糖尿病前期,我们先要了解胰岛素的作用。在进食后,身体将食物转化成膳食糖。胰岛素是由胰腺分泌的一种激素,它指挥细胞接受这些糖,并将其转化成能量。如果出现胰岛素抵抗,细胞对胰岛素没有反应,也不接受糖,导致血液中的糖过多。长此以往,胰腺不断尝试调节血糖,分泌越来越多的胰岛素,直至彻底崩溃,无法再分泌大量的胰岛素。结果,血糖水平升高,达到糖尿病范围。
谁会患这种病?
任何人都可能出现胰岛素抵抗。特别是,与正常人群相比,超重人群的风险更高。如果有二型糖尿病家族史、年龄超过 45 岁、非裔、拉丁裔或北美土著血统、抽烟以及使用某些药物,包括类固醇、抗精神病药和 HIV 药物,则风险进一步增加。胰岛素抵抗还与一些疾病有关,例如阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、脂肪肝病、多囊卵巢综合征,简称 PCOS、库欣综合征和脂肪营养不良综合征。脂肪营养不良综合征是一种导致异常脂肪流失的疾病。因此,体内脂肪组织过多或不足都可能导致胰岛素抵抗。
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