As-Sanie S. Causes of chronic pelvic pain in nonpregnant women. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 9, 2019.
Tu FF, et al. Treatment of chronic pelvic pain in women. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 9, 2019.
AskMayoExpert. Pelvic pain. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2018.
Elkadry E, et al. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of myofascial pelvic pain syndrome in women. Evaluation of chronic pelvic pain in women. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 9, 2019.
Frequently asked questions. Gynecologic problems FAQ099. Chronic pelvic pain. American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. http://www.acog.org/~/media/For%20Patients/faq099.pdf?dmc=1&ts=20130418T1809515975. Accessed April 8, 2016.
Tu FF, et al. Evaluation of chronic pelvic pain in women. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 9, 2019.
Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome. National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse. http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/interstitialcystitis/index.htm. Accessed April 8, 2016.
Carinci AJ. Complementary and alternative treatments for chronic pelvic pain. Current Pain and Headache Reports. 2013;17:316.
Cheong YC, et al. Non-surgical interventions for the management of chronic pelvic pain. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008797.pub2/abstract. Accessed April 8, 2016.
Relaxation techniques for health: An introduction. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. http://nccam.nih.gov/sites/nccam.nih.gov/files/relaxation_introduction.pdf.Accessed April 8, 2016.
AskMayoExpert. Endometriosis. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2018.
Endometriosis. Womenshealth.gov. http://www.womenshealth.gov/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/endometriosis.html. Accessed April 12, 2016.
AskMayoExpert. Painful bladder syndrome. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2018.
Kotarinos RK. Pelvic floor physical therapy for management of myofascial pelvic pain syndrome in women. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 9, 2019.
Hunter C, et al. Neuromodulation of pelvic visceral pain: Review of the literature and case series of potential novel targets for treatment. Pain Practice. 2013;13:3.
Acupuncture: In-depth. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture/introduction. Accessed April 8, 2016.
Speer LM, et al. Chronic pelvic pain in women. American Family Physician. 2016;93:380.
Engeler D, et al. Guidelines on chronic pelvic pain. European Association of Urology. https://uroweb.org/guideline/chronic-pelvic-pain/. Accessed May 9, 2019.