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1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
1
From the Memorial Sloan-Ketering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Virginia Commonwealth University, Massey Cancer Center, Richmond; American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria; Virginia Cancer Center, Richmond, VA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN; Northwest Oncology & Hematology Associates, Coral Springs, FL; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore; National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, Newark, DE; Hematology/Oncology of Indiana, PC, Indianapolis, IN; Nebraska Cancer Specialists, PC, Omaha, NE; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA; University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
2
天津医科大学总医院;天津市肺癌研究所;天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室
Authors’ disclosures of potential conflicts of interest and author contributions are found at the end of this article. American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2318 Mill Rd, Suite 800, Alexandria, VA, 22314; E-mail:
[email protected]
. Te complete guideline, with a comprehensive discussion of the literature and additional tables, is available at www.asco.org/guidelines/nsclc.
This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 3.0) License. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
为了2009版更新,在MEDLINE、EMBASE以及Cochrane数据库中检索2002年-2008年7月符合指南更新规程纳入标准的研究。简言之,凡符合以下条件的治疗研究均可纳入:治疗研究将Ⅳ期NSCLC患者随机分为一种化疗组和另一种化疗组、化疗组和最佳支持疗法(best supportive care, BSC)组或化疗组和安慰剂组,并且报道了疗效结果(OS、PFS或客观有效)、毒性或健康相关的生存质量(health-related quality of life, HRQOL)/症状缓解。对于细胞毒性化疗,检索仅限于Ⅲ期RCT;对于生物制剂,检索包括Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期随机试验;对于分子分析,检索包括Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期试验、队列研究以及临床试验的回顾性亚组分析。该系统评价由加拿大癌症疾病组循证中心开始实施,并由ASCO完成。为了对文献综述更新方法学及过程进行充分了解,可登录www.asco.org/guidelines/nsclc,参考该指南的网络版。
专业委员会的组成及基于循证的共识形成
ASCO临床实践指南委员会组成了一个更新委员会,其中包括学术以及社区肿瘤内科专家、统计学专家以及两个患者代表。委员会的所有成员均参与了指南草案的筹备工作,指南随后被全体委员会审阅。该指南随后又被提交至
Journal of Clinical Oncology
进行同行评议。指南及稿件的内容在发表前已经临床实践指南委员会及ASCO董事会评议且获批准。
结果
文献综述总结
自上一版更新以来,系统评价共检索出190篇文献,这些文献或与第1版中的至少一个临床问题相关,或发表了更新结果。并非所有的指南问题都得到了新的数据。在190篇文献中,94篇报道了化疗,23篇报道了生物治疗,73篇报道了分子分析。另外,在系统评价完成之后从出版物、摘要以及报告中提取数据。推荐基于52项RCT和29项
meta
分析(MA),及所纳入的仅用于分子分析的回顾性组织学分析。达到合格标准且被整个指南更新纳入的研究见
表 2
。
文献更新。自上一版指南公布以来,1项有关大于70岁的Ⅳ期NSCLC患者二线化疗的新的回顾性RCT亚组分析已发表,该分析基于年龄比较了多西紫杉醇与培美曲塞的疗效
[
135
]
。571例患者参与了培美曲塞的登记试验,上述亚组分析即来自该登记试验。≥70岁患者从两种制剂中的获益相近。服用多西紫杉醇的≥70岁患者与 < 70岁患者在生存期方面的差异并不显著(中位OS,分别为7.7个月
v
8.0个月;
P
=不显著)。服用培美曲塞的≥ 70岁患者的OS(并不显著)及TP较 < 70岁患者长(中位OS,分别为9.5个月
v
7.8个月;
P
=不显著)。毒性并不随年龄而显著改变。
Te Update Commitee was assembled in accordance with ASCO’ s Conflict of Interest Management Procedures for Clinical Practice Guidelines. Membersof the panel completedASCO’s disclosure form, which requires disclosure of financial and other interests that are relevant to the subject mater of the guideline, including relationships with commercial entities that are reasonably likely to experience direct regulatory or commercial impact as the result of promulgation of the guideline. Categories for disclosure include employment relationships, consulting arrangements, stock ownership, honoraria, research funding, and expert testimony. In accordance with the Procedures, the majority of the members of the Commitee did not disclose any of these relationships. Disclosure information for each member of the Commitee is published adjunct to this guideline.
DEDICATION
This guideline is dedicated to the memories of Karen Parles and Anita Johnston who, while living with NSCLC, educated, influenced, and inspired countless clinicians, researchers, advocates, and others with and affectedby NSCLC. Their work and their memories will continue to do so.
AUTHORS’ DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Although all authors completed the disclosure declaration, the following author(s) indicated a financial or other interest that is relevant to the subject matter under consideration in this article. Certain relationships marked with a “U” are those for which no compensation was received; those relationships marked with a “C” were compensated. For a detailed description of the disclosure categories, or for more information about ASCO’s conflict of interest policy, please refer to the Author Disclosure Declaration and the Disclosures of Potential Conflicts of Interest section in Information for Contributors.
Employment or Leadership Position: None Consultant or Advisory Role:
Julie Brahmer, Eli Lilly (C), ImClone Systems (C); Joan H. Schiller, Genentech (C), AstraZeneca (C), Pfizer (C), Eli Lilly (C)
Stock Ownership:
None
Honoraria:
Sherman Baker Jr, Lilly Oncology; Janessa L. Laskin, Hoffman-La Roche, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca
Research Funding:
Christopher G. Azzoli, Allos Therapeutics, sanofi-aventis, Genentech BioOncology; Dav id H. Johnson, Merck; Janessa L. Laskin, HoffmanLa Roche; David G. Pfister, sanofi-aventis, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Genentech; Joan H. Schiller, ArQuele, Pfizer, Merck
Expert Testimony:
None
Other Remuneration:
Willam Pao, Molecular MD
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
Conception and design:
Christopher G. Azzoli, Giuseppe Giaccone
Administrative support:
Christopher G. Azzoli, Sarah Temin
Collection and assembly of data:
Christopher G. Azzoli, Sarah Temin Data analysis and interpretation: Christopher G. Azzoli, Sherman Baker Jr, William Pao, David H. Johnson, David G. Pfister, Joan H. Schiller, Thomas J. Smith, Giuseppe Giaccone
Manuscript writing:
Christopher G. Azzoli, Sherman Baker Jr, Sarah Temin, William Pao, David H. Johnson, David G. Pfster, Joan H. Schiller, Thomas J. Smith, John R. Strawn, Giuseppe Giaccone
Final approval of manuscript:
Christopher G. Azzoli, Sherman Baker Jr, William Pao, Timothy Aliff, Julie Brahmer, David H. Johnson, Janessa L. Laskin, Gregory Masters, Daniel Milton, Luke Nordquist, David G. Pfister, Steven Piantadosi, Joan H. Schiller, Reily Smith, Thomas J. Smith, John R. Strawn, David Trent, Giuseppe Giaccone
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