2015年底，中國通過全面二孩生育政策，徹底放開了三十餘年來一胎化政策所限制的二孩生育權。在對生育管控嚴格的城市場域內，累積了更多未實現的二孩生育意願。但城市場域中的經濟、照顧壓力使生養二孩更難，而對已育一孩的職業婦女，二孩生育會打破其原有生活、家庭、工作三者的平衡。本研究希望探討在此背景下，二線城市的職業女性如何做出其生育二孩的選擇，包含了此過程有哪些影響因素和行動者，和國家和社會所扮演的角色。 本研究發現影響二線城市職業女性二孩生育選擇過程的重要影響因素有政策、經濟、照顧和意外懷孕，而影響二孩生育選擇過程的行動者則跨越了家庭界線。除了家內的夫妻、父母輩因為上述因素而產生生育決策上的共識或分歧外，外部兩個不同場域內的行動者也通過與家內成員的互動影響了二孩生育決策，包括日常生活場域內和原居地的親朋好友的「二孩動員」，集體性因素的影響成為女性完成二孩生育行為的重要契機。 而國家對二孩生育的放開和去污名化，使人們從「普遍生育一孩」的生育範本中跳出，漸變的生育政策使得單獨政策下的示範性二孩家庭的影響得以擴散。傳統生育文化規範依託於家內外行動者的「二孩動員」來影響生育決策，它跨越了城鄉、代際界線，聯結了傳統與現代，父輩與子輩。在一胎化政策下彼此衝突的生育政策和傳統生育文化，在二孩政策下達成共識，將年輕一代普遍認同的情感性因素融入「家本位」邏輯中，促成了「利他性」的二孩生育。

China has passed the two-child policy at the end of 2015, legalizing the forbidden right to give birth to the second child under the one-child policy. Compared to rural area, the urban area has accumulated more second child fertility willingness. But the economic pressure and care problem make it harder to give birth to another child in urban cities. For working mother with one child, giving birth to another child may break the balance between her life, family and work. And this study aims to discuss how the working women make their decision to give birth to the second child, including the influencing factors, actors and what role the state and society played in the decision-making process. There are four important factors: policy, economy, care, and accidental pregnancy. And the actors who influence the fertility decision-making process are both in and out of the family. The actors include not only the wife, husband and their parents, but also the peer group around them and neighbors in hometown. These people influence the fertility decision-making process through interaction with family members. Meanwhile, the state legalizes and removes the stigma of having two children, enabling people jump out of the fertility paradigm of general one child. The gradual birth policy helps spread the influence of the model two-child family under the selective two-child policy. The traditional birth culture relies on the "second child mobilization" of all actors mentioned above to influence the fertility decision-making process. Its influence spans the boundaries of urban and rural, parents and children, traditional and modern. Under the one-child policy, population policy and traditional culture conflict for many years. But they have reached a consensus under the two-child policy, integrating the emotional factors, which are commonly accepted by the younger generation, into the "home-based" logic, and contributing to the "altruistic" second child birth behavior.