[00:08.06]Some 12 percent of the forests of the Amazon have been lost in recorded history. [00:11.54]亚马逊约12%的森林已经消失在近代历史上， [00:12.11]Another 9 to 28 percent will be gone by 2050. [00:14.80]预计另外的9%到28%在2050年也会消失。 [00:15.77]But we have not known which species of trees are taking the biggest hits. [00:18.53]但是我们尚不知道哪种物种的树木遭受的打击最大。 [00:18.93]In part because it’s so difficult to do the fieldwork involved in species surveys. [00:22.11]部分的原因是因为涉及到物种调查方面的野外考察比较难进行。 [00:22.63]Now, in a massive effort, a team of more than 158 researchers studied 1,200 plots of trees in the Amazon. [00:28.44]现在，由超过158研究人员组成的队伍，付出了大量的努力，研究了亚马逊1200个地区的树木。 [00:28.82]They estimated the effects of deforestation on 5,000 species [00:32.01]研究人员估计了森林砍伐对5000个树木物种的影响， [00:32.20]and modeled the impact of deforestation on some 10,000 more. [00:34.90]并模拟了森林砍伐对约1万多个物种的影响。 [00:35.26]“With the business as usual scenario, [00:36.94]如果情况继续这样下去的话， [00:37.56]roughly half of the Amazon will be deforested in 2050, [00:40.34]到2050年，亚马逊将近一半的森林会遭受砍伐， [00:40.93]leading to similar losses in mean species abundances.” [00:43.78]导致平均物种丰度缺失。 [00:44.65]Hans ter Steege of Utrecht University in the Netherlands, one of the study participants. [00:48.07]Hans ter Steege 来自于荷兰乌得勒支大学 ，讲述了上述言论。同时也参与了该项研究。 [00:48.67]The findings mean that 36 to 57 percent of Amazon trees [00:51.88]该项研究结果表明36%到57%的亚马逊森林可能会 [00:52.18]could qualify for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s red list of threatened species, [00:53.20]列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种的红名单 [00:57.31]including the commercially valuable Brazil Nut and Cacao. [01:00.41]这其中包括具有商业价值的巴西坚果和可可。 [01:00.85]Nigel Pittman of Chicago’s Field Museum also worked on the study. [01:03.68]芝加哥菲尔德博物馆的Nigel Pittman也参与了这项研究。 [01:04.26]“If we were to put on the red list all of these Amazonian trees [01:08.83]他说，“如果我们把还没有被列出但有可能会 [01:09.11]that aren’t currently listed but probably deserve to be, [01:11.84]被列入的这些亚马逊丛林物种列在这个红色名单上， [01:12.22]that would increase the total number of threatened species on earth by about a quarter, about 22 percent.” [01:17.69]那么地球上濒临灭种的物种数目将会增加大约四分之一，大约22%吧。 [01:18.13]The research is in the journal Science Advances. [01:19.57]该研究结果已发表在《科学进展》杂志上。 [01:20.08]But there is some good news. Government actions could slow the rate of deforestation. [01:24.20]但仍有好消息。政府采取的措施会降低森林砍伐的速度。 [01:24.70]Also, deforestation has decreased in recent years. [01:27.08]并且，近些年的砍伐率已经呈下降趋势。 [01:27.74]And half of Amazonian forests already lie in protected areas. [01:30.96]一半亚马逊丛林已经被划进保护区域。 [01:31.53]ter Steege: “Thus, if we can protect these areas from threats they face, [01:35.30]ter Steege说：“如果我们能保护这些区域免受威胁， [01:35.71]such as fires, degradation, deforestation, large-scale damage, and mining, [01:39.79]例如火灾、退化、森林砍伐、大规模的破坏以及采矿 [01:40.05]the Amazon could be a showcase of large-scale conservation worldwide.” [01:43.83]亚马逊将会成为全世界大规模保护的典范。” 00:00 Update Required To play the media you will need to either update your browser to a recent version or update your Flash plugin .

Massive Survey Creates Amazon Tree Census

亚马逊森林大规模普查

Some 12 percent of the forests of the Amazon have been lost in recorded history. Another 9 to 28 percent will be gone by 2050. But we have not known which species of trees are taking the biggest hits. In part because it’s so difficult to do the fieldwork involved in species surveys.

亚马逊约12%的森林已经消失在近代历史上，预计另外的9%到28%在2050年也会消失。但是我们尚不知道哪种物种的树木遭受的打击最大。部分的原因是因为涉及到物种调查方面的野外考察比较难进行。

Now, in a massive effort, a team of more than 158 researchers studied 1,200 plots of trees in the Amazon. They estimated the effects of deforestation on 5,000 species and modeled the impact of deforestation on some 10,000 more.

现在，由超过158研究人员组成的队伍，付出了大量的努力，研究了亚马逊1200个地区的树木。研究人员估计了森林砍伐对5000个树木物种的影响，并模拟了森林砍伐对约1万多个物种的影响。

“With the business as usual scenario, roughly half of the Amazon will be deforested in 2050, leading to similar losses in mean species abundances.” Hans ter Steege of Utrecht University in the Netherlands, one of the study participants.

如果情况继续这样下去的话，到2050年，亚马逊将近一半的森林会遭受砍伐，导致平均物种丰度缺失。Hans ter Steege 来自于荷兰乌得勒支大学 ，讲述了上述言论。同时也参与了该项研究。

The findings mean that 36 to 57 percent of Amazon trees could qualify for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s red list of threatened species, including the commercially valuable Brazil Nut and Cacao.

该项研究结果表明36%到57%的亚马逊森林可能会列入国际自然保护联盟濒危物种的红名单，这其中包括具有商业价值的巴西坚果和可可。

Nigel Pittman of Chicago’s Field Museum also worked on the study. “If we were to put on the red list all of these Amazonian trees that aren’t currently listed but probably deserve to be, that would increase the total number of threatened species on earth by about a quarter, about 22 percent.” The research is in the journal Science Advances.

芝加哥菲尔德博物馆的Nigel Pittman也参与了这项研究。他说，“如果我们把还没有被列出但有可能会被列入的这些亚马逊丛林物种列在这个红色名单上，那么地球上濒临灭种的物种数目将会增加大约四分之一，大约22%吧。 ”该研究结果已发表在《科学进展》杂志上。

But there is some good news. Government actions could slow the rate of deforestation. Also, deforestation has decreased in recent years. And half of Amazonian forests already lie in protected areas.

但仍有好消息。政府采取的措施会降低森林砍伐的速度。并且，近些年的砍伐率已经呈下降趋势。一半亚马逊丛林已经被划进保护区域。

ter Steege: “Thus, if we can protect these areas from threats they face, such as fires, degradation, deforestation, large-scale damage, and mining, the Amazon could be a showcase of large-scale conservation worldwide.”

ter Steege说：“如果我们能保护这些区域免受威胁，例如火灾、退化、森林砍伐、大规模的破坏以及采矿，亚马逊将会成为全世界大规模保护的典范。”

Massive Survey Creates Amazon Tree Census

Some 12 percent of the forests of the Amazon have been lost in recorded history. Another 9 to 28 percent will be gone by 2050. But we have not known which species of trees are taking the biggest hits. In part because it’s so difficult to do the fieldwork involved in species surveys.

Now, in a massive effort, a team of more than 158 researchers studied 1,200 plots of trees in the Amazon. They estimated the effects of deforestation on 5,000 species and modeled the impact of deforestation on some 10,000 more.

“With the business as usual scenario, roughly half of the Amazon will be deforested in 2050, leading to similar losses in mean species abundances.” Hans ter Steege of Utrecht University in the Netherlands, one of the study participants.

The findings mean that 36 to 57 percent of Amazon trees could qualify for the International Union for the Conservation of Nature’s red list of threatened species, including the commercially valuable Brazil Nut and Cacao.

Nigel Pittman of Chicago’s Field Museum also worked on the study. “If we were to put on the red list all of these Amazonian trees that aren’t currently listed but probably deserve to be, that would increase the total number of threatened species on earth by about a quarter, about 22 percent.” The research is in the journal Science Advances.

But there is some good news. Government actions could slow the rate of deforestation. Also, deforestation has decreased in recent years. And half of Amazonian forests already lie in protected areas.

ter Steege: “Thus, if we can protect these areas from threats they face, such as fires, degradation, deforestation, large-scale damage, and mining, the Amazon could be a showcase of large-scale conservation worldwide.”

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