蛋白亚单位疫苗。
亚单位疫苗仅包括最能刺激免疫系统的病毒部分。这类
COVID-19
疫苗含有无害的 S 蛋白。一旦免疫系统识别出 S 蛋白，就会产生抗体和防御性白细胞。如果您之后感染了
COVID-19
病毒，这些抗体将对抗病毒。
诺瓦瓦克斯
COVID-19
疫苗是一种蛋白亚单位疫苗。
美国食品药品管理局（FDA）已批准辉瑞－生物科技
COVID-19
疫苗（现称为复必泰，Comirnaty）用于 12 岁及以上人群预防
COVID-19
。该疫苗已获得用于 6 个月至 11 岁儿童的紧急使用许可。
FDA
还批准莫德纳疫苗（现称为 Spikevax）用于 18 岁及以上人群预防
COVID-19
。
FDA
已向莫德纳
COVID-19
疫苗授予紧急使用许可，批准用于 6 个月至 17 岁人群。
FDA
已向杨森/强生
COVID-19
疫苗授予紧急使用许可，批准用于部分 18 岁及以上人群。
FDA
还向诺瓦瓦克斯
COVID-19
佐剂疫苗授予紧急使用许可，批准用于 12 岁及以上人群。
Understanding mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/mrna.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2021.
The different types of COVID-19 vaccines. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-explained. Accessed Feb. 3, 2021.
Understanding how COVID-19 vaccines work. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/how-they-work.html. Accessed Feb. 2, 2021.
Amanat F, et al. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: Status report. Immunity. 2020; doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2020.03.007.
Understanding viral vector COVID-19 vaccines. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/viralvector.html. Accessed Feb. 2, 2021.
Vaccine types. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.vaccines.gov/basics/types. Accessed Feb. 2, 2021.
Vaccine types. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/vaccine-types. Accessed Feb. 2, 2021.
Vaccines FAQ. Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://www.idsociety.org/covid-19-real-time-learning-network/vaccines/vaccines-information--faq/. Accessed Feb. 3, 2021.
Janssen COVID-19 vaccine: Fact sheet for healthcare providers administering vaccine. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/emergency-use-authorization#vaccines. Accessed March 1, 2021.
Recommendation to pause use of Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/JJUpdate.html. Accessed April 15, 2021.
CDC recommends use of Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 vaccine resume. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/safety/JJUpdate.html. Accessed April 26, 2021.
Novavax COVID-19, adjuvanted vaccine: Overview and safety. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/novavax.html. Accessed July 20, 2022.
Novavax COVID-19 vaccine, adjuvanted. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/novavax-covid-19-vaccine-adjuvanted. Accessed Feb. 2, 2023.
