/ kənˈtæm.ə.neɪt / verb
to make something less pure or make it poisonous:
Much of the coast has been contaminated by nuclear waste. 大部分海岸已受到核废料污染。

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/ faʊl / verb formal
to spoil or damage something by making it dirty:
The oil spill fouled the river and destroyed habitats. 石油泄漏污染了河流,破坏了野生动物聚居地。
pollute

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/ pəˈluːt / B2 verb
to make an area or substance, usually air, water, or soil, dirty or harmful to people, animals, and plants, especially by adding harmful chemicals:
The pesticides used on many farms are polluting the water supply. 许多农场里使用的杀虫剂正在污染供水。
taint

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/ teɪnt / verb
to spoil something, especially food or blood, by adding a harmful substance, or to spoil people's opinion of someone:
His reputation was permanently tainted by the financial scandal. 那起财务丑闻让他一辈子声名狼藉。
contamination

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/ kənˌtæm.əˈneɪ.ʃ ə n / noun
the process of making something dirty or poisonous, or the state of containing unwanted or dangerous substances:
The water supply is being tested for contamination . 供水系统正在接受污染测试。
defilement

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/ dɪˈfaɪl.mənt / noun
the action of spoiling something or someone so that that thing or person is less beautiful or pure:
People were furious at this defilement of the countryside. 人们对这种污染乡村的行为感到愤怒。
pollution

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/ pəˈluː.ʃ ə n / B1 noun
damage caused to water, air, etc. by harmful substances or waste:
air/water pollution 空气/水污染
discoloration

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/ ˌriː.kənˈtæm.ə.neɪt / verb
to make something dirty, infected, or poisonous again, for a second, third, etc. time:
The winter storms release the oil from the boulders and cobbles, recontaminating adjacent wetlands.
recontamination

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/ kənˈtæm.ə.neɪ.t̬ɪd / adjective
poisonous or not pure:
The infection was probably caused by swimming in contaminated water/water contaminated with sewage. 这种感染可能是由于在受污染的水/受污水污染的水中游泳而引起的。
polluted

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If you speak off the cuff, you say something without having prepared or thought about your words first.