本文通过对比西充、都江堰和乐山三地方言，从音韵的角度探讨了西南官话灌赤片岷江小片中的“质”类入声字的读音。对比研究发现，三地读音正好反映了四川方言中音位[ə]向[
]渐进变移所引起的连续式音变历程，展现出不同的历史语音层次。
四川方言 /
入声 /
“质”类字 /
Abstract:
By comparing the dialect of Xichong, Dujiangyan and Leshan, this paper discusses the pronunciation of the apico-postalveolar entering tone in Guanchi area Minjiang small area of the Southwest Mandarin from the perspective of phonology.Finally, we come to the conclusion that the pronunciation of these three dialects just reflects the continuous sound change caused by a gradual shifting from [ə] to [
], which also shows the different historical phonetic level.
Key words:
Sichuan dialect /
entering tone /
apico-postalveolar /
phonetic level
Abstract:
By comparing the dialect of Xichong, Dujiangyan and Leshan, this paper discusses the pronunciation of the apico-postalveolar entering tone in Guanchi area Minjiang small area of the Southwest Mandarin from the perspective of phonology.Finally, we come to the conclusion that the pronunciation of these three dialects just reflects the continuous sound change caused by a gradual shifting from [ə] to [
], which also shows the different historical phonetic level.
这在西南官话的其他方言中，也有相对应的表现。如成渝方言片区，“质”类入声字韵母今为[
]，是由于其方言中古入声调字已派入四声，声调并不短促，故“ I ”或“i”韵头并未消失，因此，[Ie]或[ie]
④
韵母在元音高化的影响下，介音[I]或[i]高化为舌尖前元音[
]，而韵腹[e]则如同都江堰方言中[
]后滑音一般渐渐消失，于是最终音变为今天的[
]韵母。同样，在入声调值独立区的西充、都江堰方言中，其入声字虽调值独立，但并不像乐山话一样促化，于是韵头保留，在元音高化的作用下高化为舌尖音，不过区别于成渝片方言，为舌尖后元音[
]；其中，都江堰方言中原主要元音[e]并未完全脱落，而是以滑音[ə]的形式存在，而西充方言中[e]已完全脱落。
